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All the ideas for 'Thus Spake Zarathustra', 'Individuals in Aristotle' and 'The Trouble with Being Born'

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41 ideas

1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 3. Wisdom Deflated
But what is the reasoning of the body, that it requires the wisdom you seek? [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: There is more reason in your body than in your best wisdom. For who knows for what purpose your body requires precisely your best wisdom?
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.05)
     A reaction: Lovely question. For years I've paid lip-service to wisdom as the rough aim of all philosophy. Not quite knowing what wisdom is doesn't bother me, but knowing why I want wisdom certainly does, especially after this idea.
So-called wisdom is just pondering things instead of acting [Cioran]
     Full Idea: What is known as 'wisdom' is ultimately only a perpetual 'thinking it over', i.e. non-action as first impulse.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 01)
     A reaction: This may be how most people view wisdom. Wisdom is for the spectators, not the actors (perhaps). Wisdom needs a lot of thought, and I don't associate it with extremely active people.
1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 8. Humour
Reject wisdom that lacks laughter [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Let that wisdom be false to us that brought no laughter with it!
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 3.12.23)
1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 3. Metaphysical Systems
Systems are the worst despotism, in philosophy and in life [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Aristotle, Aquinas, Hegel - three enslavers of the mind. The worst form of despotism is the system, in philosophy and in everything.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 07)
     A reaction: I'm not quite clear why intellectual 'despotism' is a dreadful crime. I revere Aristotle, partly because he is systematic, but I reject about 30% of what he says. Still, many people agree with this idea.
1. Philosophy / H. Continental Philosophy / 3. Hermeneutics
A text explained ceases to be a text [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Why embroider upon what excludes commentary? A text explained is not longer a text.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 09)
     A reaction: I like that. I'm not a great fan of explicating texts, especially if they are literary, where the whole point is the primary experience, of a novel, poem or play. Philosophy is different, because that is a dialogue between writer and reader.
3. Truth / A. Truth Problems / 7. Falsehood
To love truth, you must know how to lie [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Inability to lie is far from being love of truth. ....He who cannot lie does not know what truth is.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 4.13.9)
5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / c. not
Negation doesn't arise from reasoning, but from deep instincts [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Negation never proceeds from reasoning but from something much more obscure and old. Arguments come afterward, to justify and sustain it. Every no rises out of the blood.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 02)
     A reaction: Music to my ears. In the Fregean era no one is allowed to talk about the origins of logical relations in the universal facts of physical existence. You can watch dogs saying no.
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 3. Being / i. Deflating being
The word 'being' is very tempting, but in fact means nothing at all [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Whether it is spoken by a grocer or a philosopher, the word 'being', apparently so rich, so tempting, so charged with significance, in fact means nothing at all; incredible that a man in his right mind can use it on any occasion whatever.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 12)
     A reaction: I entirely agree. It resembles the redundancy view of 'true' (with which I do not agree).
7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 4. Anti-realism
People who really believe anti-realism don't bother to prove it [Cioran]
     Full Idea: When you know quite absolutely that everything is unreal, you then cannot see why you should take the trouble to prove it.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 02)
     A reaction: Does the same apply to realists? There are at least genuine arguments in both directions. Presumably the thought is that realists have something they care about, but true anti-realists don't.
9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 9. Ship of Theseus
Insurance on the original ship would hardly be paid out if the plank version was wrecked! [Frede,M]
     Full Idea: No insurance company, presented with a policy written for 'Theoris' [the original ship] would pay for damages suffered if the ship contructed from the old planks had been shipwrecked.
     From: Michael Frede (Individuals in Aristotle [1978])
     A reaction: A very nicely dramatic way of presenting what is taken to be the usual reading of the basic case - that the original identity tracks the continuity of the original structure, not the matter.
11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 1. Certainty
Opinions are fine, but having convictions means something has gone wrong [Cioran]
     Full Idea: To have opinions is inevitable, is natural; to have convictions is less so. Each time I meet someone who has convictions, I wonder what intellectual vice, what flaw has caused him to acquire such a thing.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 12)
     A reaction: 'The best lack all conviction/ While the worst are full of passionate intensity' (Yeats). I agree with this. Convictions are so often accompanied by anger.
Convictions are failures to study anything thoroughly [Cioran]
     Full Idea: We have convictions only if we have studied nothing thoroughly.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 08)
     A reaction: Excellent! I cannot imagine studying anything at all in great depth without it resulting in a dwindling expectation of full understanding. Philosophy in spades, but also probably any topic in history.
16. Persons / B. Nature of the Self / 7. Self and Body / a. Self needs body
The powerful self behind your thoughts and feelings is your body [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Behind your thoughts and feelings stands a powerful commander, an unknown wise man - he is called a self. He lives in your body; he is your body.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], I.4), quoted by Kevin Aho - Existentialism: an introduction 5 'Creature'
     A reaction: I find Nietzsche's view of the self very congenial, though I tend to see the self as certain central functions of the brain. The brain is enmeshed in the body (as in the location of pains).
16. Persons / D. Continuity of the Self / 3. Reference of 'I'
Forget the word 'I'; 'I' is performed by the intelligence of your body [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: You say 'I' and you are proud of this word. But greater than this - although you will not believe in it - is your body and its great intelligence, which does not say 'I' but performs 'I'.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.05)
     A reaction: I'm not sure if I understand this, but I offer it as a candidate for the most profound idea ever articulated about personal identity.
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 5. Against Free Will
If people always acted without words we would take them for robots [Cioran]
     Full Idea: It is because of speech that men give the illusion of being free. If they did - without a word - what they do, we would take them for robots.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 09)
     A reaction: Love this one. Though it might be said that the power of speech does add an extra dimension of freedom to an action, beyond what any animal could attain. I take the absolute idea of 'being free' to be nonsense.
18. Thought / D. Concepts / 5. Concepts and Language / a. Concepts and language
If only we could write like a reptile, of endless sensations and no concepts! [Cioran]
     Full Idea: If only we could reach back before the concept, could write on a level with the senses, record the infinitesimal variations of what we touch, do what a reptile would do if it were to set about writing!
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 02)
     A reaction: A lovely thought. It is a huge effort for us to try to imagine a mental life without concepts. And then to express that mental life in words…..!
20. Action / B. Preliminaries of Action / 2. Willed Action / a. Will to Act
The will is constantly frustrated by the past [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Powerless against that which has been done, the will is an angry spectator of all things past. The will cannot will backwards; that it cannot break time and time's desire - that is the will's most lonely affliction.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 2.20)
20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 4. Responsibility for Actions
We could only be responsible if we had consented before birth to who we are [Cioran]
     Full Idea: The problem of responsibility would have a meaning only if we had been consulted before our birth and had consented to be precisely who we are.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 06)
     A reaction: The question could still be asked retrospectively, like agreeing to be in an army into which you have been conscripted. People gripped by deeply anti-social desires would probably welcome the chance to become different.
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 6. The Sublime
We morally dissolve if we spend time with excessive beauty [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Moral disintegration when we spend time in a place that is too beautiful: the self dissolves upon contact with paradise.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 06)
     A reaction: I'm not sure whether that is true, but it is worth thinking about the value of experiences which are overwhelming.
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / d. Biological ethics
We created meanings, to maintain ourselves [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Man first implanted values into things to maintain himself - he first created the meaning of things, a human meaning!
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.16)
     A reaction: It is certainly hard to see anything resembling values or meaning in the cosmos, if you remove the human beings. We should expect an evolutionary grounding in their explanation.
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / f. Übermensch
The noble man wants new virtues; the good man preserves what is old [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: The noble man wants to create new things and a new virtue. The good man wants the old things and that the old things shall be preserved.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.09)
     A reaction: There is a limit to how many plausible virtues the noble men can come up with. We may already have run out. Are we going to have to re-run the Iliad?
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / g. Love
We only really love children and work [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: One loves from the very heart only one's child and one's work.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 3.03)
     A reaction: Very Nietzchean (and masculine?) to cite one's work. Rachmaninov said he was 85% musician and 15% human being, so I guess he loved music from the very heart.
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / c. Value of happiness
I want my work, not happiness! [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Do I aspire after happiness? I aspire after my work!
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 4.20)
     A reaction: I empathise with aspiring to do something, rather than be something. But what do we wish for our children? Happiness first, then achievement?
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 3. Virtues / a. Virtues
Virtues can destroy one another, through jealousy [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Every virtue is jealous of the others, and jealousy is a terrible thing. Even virtues can be destroyed through jealousy.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.07)
     A reaction: How much more subtle and plausible than the picture of accumulating virtues, like medals! Zarathustra says it is best to have just one virtue.
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 4. External Goods / c. Wealth
People now find both wealth and poverty too much of a burden [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Nobody grows rich or poor any more: both are too much of a burden.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.01)
     A reaction: True. Most people I know are just puzzled by people who actually seem to want to be extremely wealthy.
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 4. External Goods / d. Friendship
If you want friends, you must be a fighter [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: If you want a friend, you must be willing to wage war for him: and to wage war, you must be capable of being an enemy.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.15)
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 2. Nihilism
The greatest experience possible is contempt for your own happiness, reason and virtue [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: What is the greatest thing you can experience? It is the hour of the great contempt. The hour in which even your happiness grows loathsome to you, and your reason and your virtue also.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.01)
     A reaction: This would be a transient state for Nietzsche, in which you realise the hollowness of those traditional ideas, and begin to seek something else.
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 3. Angst
In anxiety people cling to what reinforces it, because it is a deep need [Cioran]
     Full Idea: In anxiety, a man clings to whatever can reinforce, can stimulate his providential discomfort: to try to cure him of it is to destroy his equilibrium, anxiety being the basis of his existence and his prosperity.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 09)
     A reaction: A report from the front line of the age of anxiety, on which I am not qualified to comment. I assume that some anxiety can be a good thing, like nerves before a public performance.
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 4. Boredom
It is better to watch the hours pass, than trying to fill them [Cioran]
     Full Idea: I do nothing, granted. But I see the hours pass - which is better than trying to fill them.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 01)
     A reaction: As Nietzsche would have pointed out, this came from a man who regularly wrote books. It is, though, certainly worth asking whether the way we fill our time is better than doing nothing.
Fear cures boredom, because it is stronger [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Fear is the antidote to boredom: the remedy must be stronger than the disease.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 05)
     A reaction: I suspect that this is the motivation of people who indulge in dangerous sports. Maybe all that is need is something daunting, rather than frightening.
24. Political Theory / A. Basis of a State / 1. A People / c. A unified people
An enduring people needs its own individual values [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: No people could live without evaluating; but if it wishes to maintain itself it must not evaluate as its neighbour evaluates.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.16)
     A reaction: Political philosophers say plenty about a 'people', but little about what unifies them, or about what keeps one people distinct from another. Most people's are proud of their local values.
24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 3. Constitutions
The state coldly claims that it is the people, but that is a lie [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: The state is the coldest of all cold monsters. Coldly it lies, too; and this lie creeps from its mouth: 'I, the state, am the people'. It is a lie!
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.12)
     A reaction: This strikes me as just as true even after everyone gets the vote. Rulers can't help gradually forgetting about the people.
25. Social Practice / A. Freedoms / 5. Freedom of lifestyle
Saints want to live as they desire, or not to live at all [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: 'To live as I desire to live or not to live at all': that is what I want, that is what the most saintly man wants.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 4.09)
     A reaction: [spoken by Zarathustra]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / b. Retribution for crime
Whenever we have seen suffering, we have wanted the revenge of punishment [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: The spirit of revenge: my friends, that, up to now, has been mankind's chief concern; and where there was suffering, there was always supposed to be punishment.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 2.20)
25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 4. Suicide
Suicide is pointless, because it always comes too late [Cioran]
     Full Idea: It's not worth the bother of killing yourself, since you always kill yourself too late.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 02)
     A reaction: A neat thought, but unlikely to be true for those who commit suicide, which presumably results from a sustained and apparently incurable situation.
25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 5. Sexual Morality
Man and woman are deeply strange to one another! [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Who has fully conceived how strange man and woman are to one another!
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 3.10.2)
28. God / A. Divine Nature / 2. Divine Nature
I can only believe in a God who can dance [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: I should believe only in a God who understood how to dance.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.08)
28. God / C. Attitudes to God / 5. Atheism
Not being a god is insupportable, so there are no gods! [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: If there were gods, how could I endure not to be a god! Therefore there are no gods. ...For what would there to be create if gods - existed!
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 2.02)
     A reaction: [Zarathustra says this, not Nietzsche!]
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 2. Immortality / d. Heaven
Heaven was invented by the sick and the dying [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: It was the sick and dying who despised the body and the earth and invented the things of heaven and the redeeming drops of blood.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 1.04)
The first man obviously found paradise unendurable [Cioran]
     Full Idea: Paradise was unendurable, otherwise the first man would have adapted to it.
     From: E.M. Cioran (The Trouble with Being Born [1973], 01)
     A reaction: Seems a bit harsh. There was evidently one aspect that was missing (knowledge), and he was surprised to find himself ejected for wanting it. Like a holiday in a Mediterranean hotel, with good food.
We don't want heaven; now that we are men, we want the kingdom of earth [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: We certainly do not want to enter into the kingdom of heaven: we have become men, so we want the kingdom of earth.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Thus Spake Zarathustra [1884], 4.18.2)