Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'talk', 'reports' and 'Letters to Thomas Burnett'

unexpand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these texts


4 ideas

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / a. Substance
The notion of substance is one of the keys to true philosophy [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: I consider the notion of substance to be one of the keys to the true philosophy. ....I imagine that philosophers will one day know the notion of substance a bit better than they do now.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (Letters to Thomas Burnett [1703], 1699.01.20/30)
     A reaction: This is a controversial remark at this historical moment, when the apparent Aristotelian commitment to substances was becoming discredited. Personally I would eliminate substance, but not just because physicists don't refer to it.
13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 2. Knowledge as Convention
By nature people are close to one another, but culture drives them apart [Hippias]
     Full Idea: I regard you all as relatives - by nature, not by convention. By nature like is akin to like, but convention is a tyrant over humankind and often constrains people to act contrary to nature.
     From: Hippias (fragments/reports [c.430 BCE]), quoted by Plato - Protagoras 337c8
23. Ethics / B. Contract Ethics / 2. Golden Rule
The Torah just says: do not do to your neighbour what is hateful to you [Hillel the Elder]
     Full Idea: What is hateful to you, do not unto your neighbour: this is the entire Torah. All the rest is commentary - go and study it.
     From: Hillel the Elder (reports [c.10]), quoted by Paul Johnson - The History of the Jews Pt II
     A reaction: Johnson suggests that this idea, of stripping everything from the Torah except its basic morality, was passed on to Jesus by Hillel. Suppose you hate Arsenal, but your neighbour supports them, and they just won the European Cup? What should you do?
26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 8. Scientific Essentialism / c. Essence and laws
Gravity is within matter because of its structure, and it can be explained. [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: I believe that both gravity and elasticity are in matter only because of the structure of the system and can be explained mechanically or through impulsion.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (Letters to Thomas Burnett [1703], 1699 draft)
     A reaction: The significance of this remark is that gravity is held (in full knowledge of Newton's work) to be within matter, and not imposed from the outside. I believe we now postulate a particle as part of the explanation.