Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'The Wanderer and his Shadow' and 'Internalism and Externalism: a History'

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4 ideas

13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 1. External Justification

4254	Externalist accounts of knowledge do not require the traditional sort of justification [Kornblith]
	Full Idea: What is distinctive about externalist accounts of knowledge is that they do not require justification, at least in the traditional sense.
	From: Hilary Kornblith (Internalism and Externalism: a History [2001], p.2)
	A reaction: At least this gives animals the chance to know things, but I suspect that they never get beyond true beliefs. I'm sure humans have 'better' knowledge than animals.

25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 5. Education / b. Education principles

13304	Learned men gain more in one day than others do in a lifetime [Posidonius]
	Full Idea: In a single day there lies open to men of learning more than there ever does to the unenlightened in the longest of lifetimes.
	From: Posidonius (fragments/reports [c.95 BCE]), quoted by Seneca the Younger - Letters from a Stoic 078
	A reaction: These remarks endorsing the infinite superiority of the educated to the uneducated seem to have been popular in late antiquity. It tends to be the religions which discourage great learning, especially in their emphasis on a single book.

26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 2. Natural Purpose / b. Limited purposes

4422	The end need not be the goal, as in the playing of a melody (and yet it must be completed) [Nietzsche]
	Full Idea: Not every end is the goal; the end of a melody is not its goal; and yet: as long as the melody has not reached its end, it also hasn't reached its goal. A parable.
	From: Friedrich Nietzsche (The Wanderer and his Shadow [1880], §204)
	A reaction: A nice message for Aristotle, that there is no simple separation of ends and means.

27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 1. Nature of Time / d. Time as measure

20820	Time is an interval of motion, or the measure of speed [Posidonius, by Stobaeus]
	Full Idea: Posidonius defined time thus: it is an interval of motion, or the measure of speed and slowness.
	From: report of Posidonius (fragments/reports [c.95 BCE]) by John Stobaeus - Anthology 1.08.42
	A reaction: Hm. Can we define motion or speed without alluding to time? Looks like we have to define them as a conjoined pair, which means we cannot fully understand either of them.