20445
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Levinas says Marxism is the replacement of individualist ethics, by solidarity and sociality [Levinas, by Critchley]
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Full Idea:
For Levinas, Marxism is the absorption of the ethical in the socioeconomic, and so it is the disappearance of the face-to-face relation and the privileging of relations of solidarity and anonymous sociality, which he calls 'socialism'.
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From:
report of Emmanuel Levinas (works [1956]) by Simon Critchley - Impossible Objects: interviews 1
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A reaction:
Startling, if you are not used to this sort of thing. If you are in trouble, I should help you, not because you are you, or a human being, but because you are a member of my group? So what about the Good Samaritan? Or solidarity with humanity? Animals?
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19376
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A machine is best defined by its final cause, which explains the roles of the parts [Leibniz]
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Full Idea:
Any machine ...is best defined in terms of its final cause, so that in the description of the parts it is therefore apparent in what way each of them is coordinated with the others for the intended us.
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From:
Gottfried Leibniz (The Human Body is a sort of Machine [1683], p.290), quoted by Richard T.W. Arthur - Leibniz 3 'Machines'
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A reaction:
We would use the 'function', an inherently teleological concept, and a concept which is almost indispensable for giving an illuminating description of the world. If nature is dispositional, it points towards things. Leibniz views persons as machines.
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