Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Locke on Essences and Kinds', 'The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge' and 'Lewis on Perdurance versus Endurance'

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7 ideas

7. Existence / B. Change in Existence / 1. Nature of Change

15541

Maybe particles are unchanging, and intrinsic change in things is their rearrangement [Lowe, by Lewis]

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 13. Nominal Essence

15642

If kinds depend only on what can be observed, many underlying essences might produce the same kind [Eagle]

15645

Nominal essence are the observable properties of things [Eagle]

15643

Nominal essence mistakenly gives equal weight to all underlying properties that produce appearances [Eagle]

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism

8824	No one has defended translational phenomenalism since Ayer in 1940 [Ayer, by Kim]

26. Natural Theory / B. Natural Kinds / 4. Source of Kinds

15641

Kinds are fixed by the essential properties of things - the properties that make it that kind of thing [Eagle]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

15251

The attribution of necessity to causation is either primitive animism, or confusion with logical necessity [Ayer]