Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Locke on Essences and Kinds', 'Letters to Edward Stillingfleet' and 'The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory'

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8 ideas

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 3. Individual Essences

15990

Every individual thing which exists has an essence, which is its internal constitution [Locke]

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 13. Nominal Essence

15642

If kinds depend only on what can be observed, many underlying essences might produce the same kind [Eagle]

15645

Nominal essence are the observable properties of things [Eagle]

15643

Nominal essence mistakenly gives equal weight to all underlying properties that produce appearances [Eagle]

11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 1. Certainty

15994

If it is knowledge, it is certain; if it isn't certain, it isn't knowledge [Locke]

14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification

22137

Observation can force rejection of some part of the initial set of claims [Duhem, by Boulter]

14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 6. Theory Holism

18197

Experiments only test groups of hypotheses, and can't show which one is wrong [Duhem]

26. Natural Theory / B. Natural Kinds / 4. Source of Kinds

15641

Kinds are fixed by the essential properties of things - the properties that make it that kind of thing [Eagle]