Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'works', 'Calculus Ratiocinator' and 'The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge'

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4 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 2. Domain of Quantification

17743

De Morgan introduced a 'universe of discourse', to replace Boole's universe of 'all things' [De Morgan, by Walicki]

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism

8824	No one has defended translational phenomenalism since Ayer in 1940 [Ayer, by Kim]

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 3. Idealism / a. Idealism

12742

A whole is just its parts, but there are no smallest parts, so only minds and perceptions exist [Leibniz]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

15251

The attribution of necessity to causation is either primitive animism, or confusion with logical necessity [Ayer]