Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Meinong on Complexes and Assumptions' and 'Nine political essays'

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24 ideas

1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 3. Philosophy Defined
2666 Carneades' pinnacles of philosophy are the basis of knowledge (the criterion of truth) and the end of appetite (good) [Carneades, by Cicero]
3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 6. Making Negative Truths
21544 It seems that when a proposition is false, something must fail to subsist [Russell]
3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 10. Making Future Truths
21390 Future events are true if one day we will say 'this event is happening now' [Carneades]
21672 We say future things are true that will possess actuality at some following time [Carneades, by Cicero]
5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 2. Excluded Middle
21539 Excluded middle can be stated psychologically, as denial of p implies assertion of not-p [Russell]
7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 2. Realism
21538 If two people perceive the same object, the object of perception can't be in the mind [Russell]
8. Modes of Existence / A. Relations / 1. Nature of Relations
21534 The only thing we can say about relations is that they relate [Russell]
21540 Relational propositions seem to be 'about' their terms, rather than about the relation [Russell]
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 3. Objects in Thought
21536 When I perceive a melody, I do not perceive the notes as existing [Russell]
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 5. Individuation / c. Individuation by location
21535 Objects only exist if they 'occupy' space and time [Russell]
9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 6. Identity between Objects
15825 Carneades denied the transitivity of identity [Carneades, by Chisholm]
10. Modality / A. Necessity / 3. Types of Necessity
21389 Carneades distinguished logical from causal necessity, when talking of future events [Long on Carneades]
10. Modality / B. Possibility / 5. Contingency
21533 Contingency arises from tensed verbs changing the propositions to which they refer [Russell]
11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 1. Perceptual Realism / b. Direct realism
21537 I assume we perceive the actual objects, and not their 'presentations' [Russell]
12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 5. Empiricism Critique
21532 Full empiricism is not tenable, but empirical investigation is always essential [Russell]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 2. Sources of Free Will
21671 Voluntary motion is intrinsically within our power, and this power is its cause [Carneades, by Cicero]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / a. Determinism
21391 Some actions are within our power; determinism needs prior causes for everything - so it is false [Carneades, by Cicero]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / b. Fate
21674 Even Apollo can only foretell the future when it is naturally necessary [Carneades, by Cicero]
18. Thought / A. Modes of Thought / 6. Judgement / b. Error
21542 Do incorrect judgements have non-existent, or mental, or external objects? [Russell]
18. Thought / C. Content / 1. Content
21541 The complexity of the content correlates with the complexity of the object [Russell]
19. Language / D. Propositions / 1. Propositions
21543 If p is false, then believing not-p is knowing a truth, so negative propositions must exist [Russell]
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / i. Self-interest
7398 Carneades said that after a shipwreck a wise man would seize the only plank by force [Carneades, by Tuck]
25. Social Practice / C. Rights / 4. Property rights
6581 Hume thought (unlike Locke) that property is a merely conventional relationship [Hume, by Fogelin]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 1. Basis of justice
21392 People change laws for advantage; either there is no justice, or it is a form of self-injury [Carneades, by Lactantius]