Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Against 'Ostrich Nominalism'', 'Abstract Objects:intro to Axiomatic Metaphysics' and 'Aristotle on Essence and Explanation'

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10 ideas

7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 3. Reality
8507 Some think of reality as made of things; I prefer facts or states of affairs [Armstrong]
8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 1. Universals
8506 Particulars and properties are distinguishable, but too close to speak of a relation [Armstrong]
8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 1. Nominalism / a. Nominalism
8505 Refusal to explain why different tokens are of the same type is to be an ostrich [Armstrong]
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 2. Abstract Objects / a. Nature of abstracta
10414 Abstract objects are constituted by encoded collections of properties [Zalta, by Swoyer]
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 2. Abstract Objects / c. Modern abstracta
10415 Properties make round squares and round triangles distinct, unlike exemplification [Zalta, by Swoyer]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 7. Essence and Necessity / b. Essence not necessities
11993 Jones may cease to exist without some simple property, but that doesn't make it essential [Kung]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 7. Essence and Necessity / c. Essentials are necessary
11997 A property may belong essentially to one thing and contingently to another [Kung]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 8. Essence as Explanatory
11992 Aristotelian essences underlie a thing's existence, explain it, and must belong to it [Kung]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / k. Explanations by essence
11995 Some peripheral properties are explained by essential ones, but don't themselves explain properties [Kung]
11996 Some non-essential properties may explain more than essential-but-peripheral ones do [Kung]