30 ideas
13917 | Metaphysics aims to identify categories of being, and show their interdependency [Lowe] |
13919 | Philosophy aims not at the 'analysis of concepts', but at understanding the essences of things [Lowe] |
6859 | Analytic philosophy has much higher standards of thinking than continental philosophy [Williamson] |
10170 | While true-in-a-model seems relative, true-in-all-models seems not to be [Reck/Price] |
6862 | Fuzzy logic uses a continuum of truth, but it implies contradictions [Williamson] |
10166 | ZFC set theory has only 'pure' sets, without 'urelements' [Reck/Price] |
6858 | Formal logic struck me as exactly the language I wanted to think in [Williamson] |
10175 | Three types of variable in second-order logic, for objects, functions, and predicates/sets [Reck/Price] |
10165 | 'Analysis' is the theory of the real numbers [Reck/Price] |
10174 | Mereological arithmetic needs infinite objects, and function definitions [Reck/Price] |
10164 | Peano Arithmetic can have three second-order axioms, plus '1' and 'successor' [Reck/Price] |
10172 | Set-theory gives a unified and an explicit basis for mathematics [Reck/Price] |
10167 | Structuralism emerged from abstract algebra, axioms, and set theory and its structures [Reck/Price] |
10169 | Relativist Structuralism just stipulates one successful model as its arithmetic [Reck/Price] |
10179 | There are 'particular' structures, and 'universal' structures (what the former have in common) [Reck/Price] |
10181 | Pattern Structuralism studies what isomorphic arithmetic models have in common [Reck/Price] |
10182 | There are Formalist, Relativist, Universalist and Pattern structuralism [Reck/Price] |
10168 | Formalist Structuralism says the ontology is vacuous, or formal, or inference relations [Reck/Price] |
10178 | Maybe we should talk of an infinity of 'possible' objects, to avoid arithmetic being vacuous [Reck/Price] |
10176 | Universalist Structuralism is based on generalised if-then claims, not one particular model [Reck/Price] |
10177 | Universalist Structuralism eliminates the base element, as a variable, which is then quantified out [Reck/Price] |
10171 | The existence of an infinite set is assumed by Relativist Structuralism [Reck/Price] |
6863 | Close to conceptual boundaries judgement is too unreliable to give knowledge [Williamson] |
10173 | A nominalist might avoid abstract objects by just appealing to mereological sums [Reck/Price] |
13918 | Holes, shadows and spots of light can coincide without being identical [Lowe] |
6861 | What sort of logic is needed for vague concepts, and what sort of concept of truth? [Williamson] |
13921 | All things must have an essence (a 'what it is'), or we would be unable to think about them [Lowe] |
13922 | Knowing an essence is just knowing what the thing is, not knowing some further thing [Lowe] |
13920 | Each thing has to be of a general kind, because it belongs to some category [Lowe] |
6860 | How can one discriminate yellow from red, but not the colours in between? [Williamson] |