Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Ethical Studies', 'Resurrecting Biological Essentialism' and 'The Search After Truth'

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7 ideas

8. Modes of Existence / B. Properties / 8. Properties as Modes

16669

Everything that exists is either a being, or some mode of a being [Malebranche]

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 10. Essence as Species

17368

Essentialism concerns the nature of a group, not its category [Devitt]

17370

Things that gradually change, like species, can still have essences [Devitt]

22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / d. Routes to happiness

5655	Happiness is not satisfaction of desires, but fulfilment of values [Bradley, by Scruton]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

12726

In a true cause we see a necessary connection [Malebranche]

27. Natural Reality / G. Biology / 5. Species

17369

We name species as small to share properties, but large enough to yield generalisations [Devitt]

17367

Species are phenetic, biological, niche, or phylogenetic-cladistic [Devitt, by PG]