Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'A Résumé of Metaphysics', 'Causation' and 'Reference and Essence: seven appendices'

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7 ideas

7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 10. Vagueness / g. Degrees of vagueness
14742 It can't be indeterminate whether x and y are identical; if x,y is indeterminate, then it isn't x,x [Salmon,N]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / g. Causal explanations
8406 Not all explanations are causal, but if a thing can be explained at all, it can be explained causally [Sanford]
19. Language / B. Reference / 3. Direct Reference / a. Direct reference
18885 Kripke and Putnam made false claims that direct reference implies essentialism [Salmon,N]
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 3. Pleasure / a. Nature of pleasure
5049 Intelligent pleasure is the perception of beauty, order and perfection [Leibniz]
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 8. Particular Causation / c. Conditions of causation
8407 A totality of conditions necessary for an occurrence is usually held to be jointly sufficient for it [Sanford]
28. God / A. Divine Nature / 3. Divine Perfections
5048 Perfection is simply quantity of reality [Leibniz]
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 3. Problem of Evil / b. Human Evil
5050 Evil serves a greater good, and pain is necessary for higher pleasure [Leibniz]