12 ideas
| 6855 | Interesting philosophers hardly every give you explicitly valid arguments [Martin,M] |
| 6856 | Valid arguments can be rejected by challenging the premises or presuppositions [Martin,M] |
| 5044 | Reality must be made of basic unities, which will be animated, substantial points [Leibniz] |
| 10993 | Ramsey's Test: believe the consequent if you believe the antecedent [Ramsey, by Read] |
| 14279 | Asking 'If p, will q?' when p is uncertain, then first add p hypothetically to your knowledge [Ramsey] |
| 6857 | An error theory of perception says our experience is not as it seems to be [Martin,M] |
| 6894 | Mental terms can be replaced in a sentence by a variable and an existential quantifier [Ramsey] |
| 5045 | No machine or mere organised matter could have a unified self [Leibniz] |
| 5046 | The soul does know bodies, although they do not influence one another [Leibniz] |
| 9418 | All knowledge needs systematizing, and the axioms would be the laws of nature [Ramsey] |
| 9420 | Causal laws result from the simplest axioms of a complete deductive system [Ramsey] |
| 5043 | To regard animals as mere machines may be possible, but seems improbable [Leibniz] |