Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Mathematical Methods in Philosophy', 'The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge' and 'Dialogue on human freedom and origin of evil'

expand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these texts

15 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 9. Philosophical Logic
18739 Three stages of philosophical logic: syntactic (1905-55), possible worlds (1963-85), widening (1990-) [Horsten/Pettigrew]
5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 1. Logical Form
18741 Logical formalization makes concepts precise, and also shows their interrelation [Horsten/Pettigrew]
5. Theory of Logic / J. Model Theory in Logic / 1. Logical Models
18744 Models are sets with functions and relations, and truth built up from the components [Horsten/Pettigrew]
6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 2. Geometry
13163 Circles must be bounded, so cannot be infinite [Leibniz]
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 1. Nature of Existence
18740 If 'exist' doesn't express a property, we can hardly ask for its essence [Horsten/Pettigrew]
10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 1. Possible Worlds / a. Possible worlds
18745 A Tarskian model can be seen as a possible state of affairs [Horsten/Pettigrew]
18747 The 'spheres model' was added to possible worlds, to cope with counterfactuals [Horsten/Pettigrew]
10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 1. Possible Worlds / b. Impossible worlds
18748 Epistemic logic introduced impossible worlds [Horsten/Pettigrew]
10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 1. Possible Worlds / e. Against possible worlds
18746 Possible worlds models contain sets of possible worlds; this is a large metaphysical commitment [Horsten/Pettigrew]
18750 Using possible worlds for knowledge and morality may be a step too far [Horsten/Pettigrew]
11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism
8824 No one has defended translational phenomenalism since Ayer in 1940 [Ayer, by Kim]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / b. Fate
13162 Sloth's Syllogism: either it can't happen, or it is inevitable without my effort [Leibniz]
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity
15251 The attribution of necessity to causation is either primitive animism, or confusion with logical necessity [Ayer]
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 3. Problem of Evil / a. Problem of Evil
19339 Evil is a negation of good, which arises from non-being [Leibniz]
13164 God only made sin possible because a much greater good can be derived from it [Leibniz]