Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Symbolic Reasoning', 'Contextualism Contested (and reply)' and 'Grounding, Transitivity and Contrastivity'

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9 ideas

4. Formal Logic / F. Set Theory ST / 3. Types of Set / b. Empty (Null) Set
21548 The null class is the class with all the non-existents as its members [MacColl, by Lackey]
7. Existence / C. Structure of Existence / 1. Grounding / a. Nature of grounding
17306 If ground is transitive and irreflexive, it has a strict partial ordering, giving structure [Schaffer,J]
17304 As causation links across time, grounding links the world across levels [Schaffer,J]
13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 6. Contextual Justification / a. Contextualism
19555 People begin to doubt whether they 'know' when the answer becomes more significant [Conee]
13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 6. Contextual Justification / b. Invariantism
19557 Maybe low knowledge standards are loose talk; people will deny that it is 'really and truly' knowledge [Conee]
19556 Maybe knowledge has fixed standards (high, but attainable), although people apply contextual standards [Conee]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / b. Contrastive explanations
17308 Explaining 'Adam ate the apple' depends on emphasis, and thus implies a contrast [Schaffer,J]
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 1. Nature
17305 I take what is fundamental to be the whole spatiotemporal manifold and its fields [Schaffer,J]
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 1. Causation
17307 Nowadays causation is usually understood in terms of equations and variable ranges [Schaffer,J]