15 ideas
| 12124 | Metaphysics is the best knowledge, because it is the simplest [Bacon] |
| 12123 | Natural history supports physical knowledge, which supports metaphysical knowledge [Bacon] |
| 12119 | Physics studies transitory matter; metaphysics what is abstracted and necessary [Bacon] |
| 12120 | Physics is of material and efficient causes, metaphysics of formal and final causes [Bacon] |
| 19426 | 'Nominal' definitions just list distinguishing characteristics [Leibniz] |
| 19424 | Knowledge needs clarity, distinctness, and adequacy, and it should be intuitive [Leibniz] |
| 12121 | We don't assume there is no land, because we can only see sea [Bacon] |
| 12117 | Science moves up and down between inventions of causes, and experiments [Bacon] |
| 12127 | Many different theories will fit the observed facts [Bacon] |
| 12126 | People love (unfortunately) extreme generality, rather than particular knowledge [Bacon] |
| 19427 | True ideas represent what is possible; false ideas represent contradictions [Leibniz] |
| 12125 | Teleological accounts are fine in metaphysics, but they stop us from searching for the causes [Bacon] |
| 19425 | In the schools the Four Causes are just lumped together in a very obscure way [Leibniz] |
| 12118 | Essences are part of first philosophy, but as part of nature, not part of logic [Bacon] |
| 1515 | Pythagoreans believe it is absurd to seek for goodness anywhere except with the gods [Iamblichus] |