Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Goodbye Descartes', 'Metaphysics: contemporary introduction' and 'fragments/reports'

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21 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 5. Later European Thought

8092	Logic was merely a branch of rhetoric until the scientific 17th century [Devlin]

4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 2. Syllogistic Logic

8081	'No councillors are bankers' and 'All bankers are athletes' implies 'Some athletes are not councillors' [Devlin]

4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 1. Propositional Logic

8085	Modern propositional inference replaces Aristotle's 19 syllogisms with modus ponens [Devlin]

4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 2. Tools of Propositional Logic / e. Axioms of PL

8086	Predicate logic retains the axioms of propositional logic [Devlin]

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 1. Overview of Logic

8091	Situation theory is logic that takes account of context [Devlin]

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 2. History of Logic

8087	Golden ages: 1900-1960 for pure logic, and 1950-1985 for applied logic [Devlin]

8089	Montague's intensional logic incorporated the notion of meaning [Devlin]

5. Theory of Logic / B. Logical Consequence / 7. Strict Implication

8082	Where a conditional is purely formal, an implication implies a link between premise and conclusion [Devlin]

5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 1. Logical Form

8072	Sentences of apparent identical form can have different contextual meanings [Devlin]

5. Theory of Logic / L. Paradox / 4. Paradoxes in Logic / a. Achilles paradox

8075	Space and time are atomic in the arrow, and divisible in the tortoise [Devlin]

8. Modes of Existence / B. Properties / 13. Tropes / b. Critique of tropes

4483	If abstract terms are sets of tropes, 'being a unicorn' and 'being a griffin' turn out identical [Loux]

8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 1. Universals

4481	Austere nominalists insist that the realist's universals lack the requisite independent identifiability [Loux]

4477	Universals come in hierarchies of generality [Loux]

8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 1. Nominalism / a. Nominalism

4482	Austere nominalism has to take a host of things (like being red, or human) as primitive [Loux]

8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 1. Nominalism / c. Nominalism about abstracta

4478	Nominalism needs to account for abstract singular terms like 'circularity'. [Loux]

9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 5. Individuation / c. Individuation by location

4480	Times and places are identified by objects, so cannot be used in a theory of object-identity [Loux]

13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 5. Language Relativism

8088	People still say the Hopi have no time concepts, despite Whorf's later denial [Devlin]

19. Language / C. Assigning Meanings / 1. Syntax

8073	How do we parse 'time flies like an arrow' and 'fruit flies like an apple'? [Devlin]

19. Language / D. Propositions / 2. Abstract Propositions / a. Propositions as sense

8076	The distinction between sentences and abstract propositions is crucial in logic [Devlin]

26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 5. Infinite in Nature

1748	Archelaus was the first person to say that the universe is boundless [Archelaus, by Diog. Laertius]

27. Natural Reality / G. Biology / 3. Evolution

5989	Archelaus said life began in a primeval slime [Archelaus, by Schofield]