Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Theory of Knowledge (2nd edn)', 'Short History of Modern Philosophy' and 'Philosophical Logic: Intro to Advanced Topics'

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14 ideas

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 4. Later European Philosophy / b. Seventeenth century philosophy

2945	Most philosophers start with reality and then examine knowledge; Descartes put the study of knowledge first [Lehrer]

1. Philosophy / F. Analytic Philosophy / 4. Conceptual Analysis

2946	You cannot demand an analysis of a concept without knowing the purpose of the analysis [Lehrer]

4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 1. Aristotelian Logic

13913

The four 'perfect syllogisms' are called Barbara, Celarent, Darii and Ferio [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

13914

Syllogistic logic has one rule: what is affirmed/denied of wholes is affirmed/denied of their parts [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 2. Syllogistic Logic

13915

Syllogistic can't handle sentences with singular terms, or relational terms, or compound sentences [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 3. Term Logic

13916

Term logic uses expression letters and brackets, and '-' for negative terms, and '+' for compound terms [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 2. History of Logic

5637	Nowadays logic is seen as the science of extensions, not intensions [Scruton]

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 4. Pure Logic

13850

In modern logic all formal validity can be characterised syntactically [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 6. Classical Logic

13849

Classical logic rests on truth and models, where constructivist logic rests on defence and refutation [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 4. Identity in Logic

13851

Unlike most other signs, = cannot be eliminated [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 5. Incompleteness

13852

Axioms are ω-incomplete if the instances are all derivable, but the universal quantification isn't [Engelbretsen/Sayward]

18. Thought / C. Content / 2. Ideas

5636	Cartesian 'ideas' confuse concepts and propositions [Scruton]

24. Political Theory / A. Basis of a State / 3. Natural Values / c. Natural rights

5660	Allegiance is prior to the recognition of individual rights [Scruton]

25. Social Practice / C. Rights / 1. Basis of Rights

5653	A right is a power which is enforced in the name of justice [Scruton]