Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'The Emperor's New 'Knows'', 'Investigations into Logical Deduction' and 'Leibniz: Guide for the Perplexed'

expand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these texts

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5 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / H. Proof Systems / 4. Natural Deduction

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Natural deduction shows the heart of reasoning (and sequent calculus is just a tool) [Gentzen, by Hacking]

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined

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Substance needs independence, unity, and stability (for individuation); also it is a subject, for predicates [Perkins]

13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 6. Contextual Justification / b. Invariantism

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How could 'S knows he has hands' not have a fixed content? [Bach]

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If contextualism is right, knowledge sentences are baffling out of their context [Bach]

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Sceptics aren't changing the meaning of 'know', but claiming knowing is tougher than we think [Bach]