Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'On Duties ('De Officiis')', 'Substitutional Classes and Relations' and 'The Laws of Thought'

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11 ideas

1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 1. Nature of Wisdom

21405

Cicero sees wisdom in terms of knowledge, but earlier Stoics saw it as moral [Cicero, by Long]

1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 2. Wise People

20871

Unfortunately we choose a way of life before we are old enough to think clearly [Cicero]

2. Reason / D. Definition / 7. Contextual Definition

21560

Any linguistic expression may lack meaning when taken out of context [Russell]

2. Reason / F. Fallacies / 8. Category Mistake / a. Category mistakes

21561

'The number one is bald' or 'the number one is fond of cream cheese' are meaningless [Russell]

4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 1. Propositional Logic

8083	Boole applied normal algebra to logic, aiming at an algebra of thought [Boole, by Devlin]

7727	Boole's notation can represent syllogisms and propositional arguments, but not both at once [Boole, by Weiner]

4. Formal Logic / F. Set Theory ST / 4. Axioms for Sets / p. Axiom of Reducibility

18130

Axiom of Reducibility: there is always a function of the lowest possible order in a given level [Russell, by Bostock]

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 2. History of Logic

8686	Boole made logic more mathematical, with algebra, quantifiers and probability [Boole, by Friend]

5. Theory of Logic / H. Proof Systems / 2. Axiomatic Proof

22277

Boole's method was axiomatic, achieving economy, plus multiple interpretations [Boole, by Potter]

8. Modes of Existence / A. Relations / 1. Nature of Relations

21562

There is no complexity without relations, so no propositions, and no truth [Russell]

23. Ethics / D. Deontological Ethics / 3. Universalisability

6031	The essence of propriety is consistency [Cicero]