Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'The Problem of Empty Names', 'A Free Will' and 'Introduction to German Philosophy'

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12 ideas

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 2. Ancient Philosophy / e. Late classical philosophy

23326

In the third century Stoicism died out, replaced by Platonism, with Aristotelian ethics [Frede,M]

23335

In late antiquity nearly all philosophers were monotheists [Frede,M]

2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 1. On Reason

20955

Art can make reason more all-inclusive, by articulating what seemed inexpressible [Bowie]

5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / e. Empty names

18946

Unreflectively, we all assume there are nonexistents, and we can refer to them [Reimer]

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 3. Idealism / d. Absolute idealism

20950

German Idealism says our thinking and nature have the same rational structure [Bowie]

16. Persons / E. Rejecting the Self / 2. Self as Social Construct

20942

Nazis think race predetermines the self [Bowie]

16. Persons / F. Free Will / 2. Sources of Free Will

23337

The Stoics needed free will, to allow human choices in a divinely providential cosmos [Frede,M]

23333

The idea of free will achieved universal acceptance because of Christianity [Frede,M]

23334

For Christians man has free will by creation in God's image (as in Genesis) [Frede,M]

19. Language / F. Communication / 1. Rhetoric

20946

Rhetoric is built into language, so it cannot be stripped from philosophy [Bowie]

20. Action / B. Preliminaries of Action / 2. Willed Action / a. Will to Act

23336

There is no will for Plato or Aristotle, because actions come directly from perception of what is good [Frede,M]

29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 4. Dualist Religion

23313

The Gnostic demiurge (creator) is deluded, and doesn't care about us [Frede,M]