Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'The Essence of Reference', 'The Analyst' and 'On the Elements of Being: I'

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10 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / e. Empty names
10429 It is best to say that a name designates iff there is something for it to designate [Sainsbury]
5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 2. Descriptions / b. Definite descriptions
10425 Definite descriptions may not be referring expressions, since they can fail to refer [Sainsbury]
10438 Definite descriptions are usually rigid in subject, but not in predicate, position [Sainsbury]
6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 5. The Infinite / k. Infinitesimals
18091 Infinitesimals are ghosts of departed quantities [Berkeley]
8. Modes of Existence / B. Properties / 13. Tropes / a. Nature of tropes
8510 'Socrates is wise' means a concurrence sum contains a member of a similarity set [Williams,DC]
8508 A 'trope' is an abstract particular, the occurrence of an essence [Williams,DC]
8509 A world is completely constituted by its tropes and their connections [Williams,DC]
19. Language / B. Reference / 3. Direct Reference / b. Causal reference
10432 A new usage of a name could arise from a mistaken baptism of nothing [Sainsbury]
19. Language / B. Reference / 5. Speaker's Reference
10434 Even a quantifier like 'someone' can be used referentially [Sainsbury]
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 3. Natural Function
10431 Things are thought to have a function, even when they can't perform them [Sainsbury]