Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Philosophical Essay on Probability', 'Without Immediate Justification' and 'The Rationalists'

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10 ideas

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / c. Types of substance

4304	Descartes says there are two substance, Spinoza one, and Leibniz infinitely many [Cottingham]

12. Knowledge Sources / C. Rationalism / 1. Rationalism

4303	The notion of substance lies at the heart of rationalist metaphysics [Cottingham]

13. Knowledge Criteria / A. Justification Problems / 2. Justification Challenges / a. Agrippa's trilemma

8851	Coherentists say that regress problems are assuming 'linear' justification [Williams,M]

13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / a. Foundationalism

8849	Traditional foundationalism is radically internalist [Williams,M]

13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / b. Basic beliefs

8853	Basic judgements are immune from error because they have no content [Williams,M]

13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / c. Empirical foundations

8855	Sensory experience may be fixed, but it can still be misdescribed [Williams,M]

13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 7. Testimony

7458	The reliability of witnesses depends on whether they benefit from their observations [Laplace, by Hacking]

13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 10. Anti External Justification

8852	In the context of scepticism, externalism does not seem to be an option [Williams,M]

16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / a. Determinism

3441	If a supreme intellect knew all atoms and movements, it could know all of the past and the future [Laplace]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

4306	For rationalists, it is necessary that effects be deducible from their causes [Cottingham]