Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Clitophon', 'Commentary on the Metaphysics' and 'Two Kinds of Possibility'

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9 ideas

1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 1. Nature of Metaphysics

11193

Understanding begins with the notion of being and essence [Avicenna]

9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 5. Simples

11209

The simple's whatness is its very self [Avicenna]

9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 3. Matter of an Object

11204

The ultimate material of things has the unity of total formlessness [Avicenna]

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 2. Types of Essence

15036

An essence can either be universal (in the mind) or singular (in concrete particulars) [Avicenna, by Panaccio]

10. Modality / A. Necessity / 1. Types of Modality

12205

There are two families of modal notions, metaphysical and epistemic, of equal strength [Edgington]

10. Modality / A. Necessity / 5. Metaphysical Necessity

12207

Metaphysical possibility is discovered empirically, and is contrained by nature [Edgington]

10. Modality / A. Necessity / 6. Logical Necessity

12206

Broadly logical necessity (i.e. not necessarily formal logical necessity) is an epistemic notion [Edgington]

12208

An argument is only valid if it is epistemically (a priori) necessary [Edgington]

22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / f. Altruism

1590	The just man does not harm his enemies, but benefits everyone [Plato]