Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Clitophon', 'Reference and Essence: seven appendices' and 'Intro to III: Quantifiers'

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5 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 4. Substitutional Quantification

9465	Substitutional universal quantification retains truth for substitution of terms of the same type [Jacquette]

9466	Nominalists like substitutional quantification to avoid the metaphysics of objects [Jacquette]

7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 10. Vagueness / g. Degrees of vagueness

14742

It can't be indeterminate whether x and y are identical; if x,y is indeterminate, then it isn't x,x [Salmon,N]

19. Language / B. Reference / 3. Direct Reference / a. Direct reference

18885

Kripke and Putnam made false claims that direct reference implies essentialism [Salmon,N]

22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / f. Altruism

1590	The just man does not harm his enemies, but benefits everyone [Plato]