Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Scientific Explanation', 'Modal Logic' and 'On Political Reactions'

expand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these texts

---

10 ideas

2. Reason / F. Fallacies / 4. Circularity

9355	One sort of circularity presupposes a premise, the other presupposes a rule being used [Braithwaite, by Devitt]

4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 3. Modal Logic Systems / b. System K

14970

Normal system K has five axioms and rules [Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 3. Modal Logic Systems / c. System D

14971

D is valid on every serial frame, but not where there are dead ends [Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 3. Modal Logic Systems / g. System S4

14972

S4 has 14 modalities, and always reduces to a maximum of three modal operators [Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 3. Modal Logic Systems / h. System S5

14973

In S5 all the long complex modalities reduce to just three, and their negations [Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 7. Barcan Formula

14976

Reject the Barcan if quantifiers are confined to worlds, and different things exist in other worlds [Cresswell]

8. Modes of Existence / A. Relations / 4. Formal Relations / a. Types of relation

14974

A relation is 'Euclidean' if aRb and aRc imply bRc [Cresswell]

10. Modality / A. Necessity / 4. De re / De dicto modality

14975

A de dicto necessity is true in all worlds, but not necessarily of the same thing in each world [Cresswell]

23. Ethics / D. Deontological Ethics / 2. Duty

22439

There are only duties if there are rights, so truth is only for those with a right to it [Constant]

22440

Unconditional truth-telling makes a society impossible [Constant]