Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Rules for the Direction of the Mind', 'Identity' and 'Anarchical Fallacies: on the Declaration of Rights'

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12 ideas

6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 4. Using Numbers / c. Counting procedure

16014

It is controversial whether only 'numerical identity' allows two things to be counted as one [Noonan]

9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 4. Four-Dimensionalism

16024

I could have died at five, but the summation of my adult stages could not [Noonan]

9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 5. Temporal Parts

16023

Stage theorists accept four-dimensionalism, but call each stage a whole object [Noonan]

9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 2. Defining Identity

16015

Problems about identity can't even be formulated without the concept of identity [Noonan]

16017

Identity is usually defined as the equivalence relation satisfying Leibniz's Law [Noonan]

16016

Identity definitions (such as self-identity, or the smallest equivalence relation) are usually circular [Noonan]

16020

Identity can only be characterised in a second-order language [Noonan]

9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 8. Leibniz's Law

16018

Indiscernibility is basic to our understanding of identity and distinctness [Noonan]

16019

Leibniz's Law must be kept separate from the substitutivity principle [Noonan]

11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 1. Certainty

9807	In pursuing truth, anything less certain than mathematics is a waste of time [Descartes]

24. Political Theory / A. Basis of a State / 3. Natural Values / c. Natural rights

20977

Natural rights are nonsense, and unspecified natural rights is nonsense on stilts [Bentham]

25. Social Practice / C. Rights / 1. Basis of Rights

21003

Only laws can produce real rights; rights from 'law of nature' are imaginary [Bentham]