7 ideas
10801 | Either reference really matters, or we don't need to replace it with substitutions [Quine] |
23647 | Objects have an essential constitution, producing its qualities, which we are too ignorant to define [Reid] |
14895 | 'Superficial' contingency: false in some world; 'Deep' contingency: no obvious verification [Evans, by Macià/Garcia-Carpentiro] |
11958 | Impossibilites are easily conceived in mathematics and geometry [Reid, by Molnar] |
11881 | Rigid designators can be meaningful even if empty [Evans, by Mackie,P] |
23646 | Reference is by name, or a term-plus-circumstance, or ostensively, or by description [Reid] |
23645 | A word's meaning is the thing conceived, as fixed by linguistic experts [Reid] |