12 ideas
| 8203 | All the arithmetical entities can be reduced to classes of integers, and hence to sets [Quine] |
| 12312 | The real essence of a thing is its powers, or 'dispositional properties' [Copi] |
| 10937 | Essential properties are the 'deepest' ones which explain the others [Copi, by Rami] |
| 12308 | In modern science, nominal essence is intended to be real essence [Copi] |
| 12303 | Within the four types of change, essential attributes are those whose loss means destruction [Copi] |
| 2602 | What experience could prove 'If a=c and b=c then a=b'? [Descartes] |
| 2600 | The mind's innate ideas are part of its capacity for thought [Descartes] |
| 2601 | Qualia must be innate, because physical motions do not contain them [Descartes] |
| 8202 | Meaning is essence divorced from things and wedded to words [Quine] |
| 8201 | The distinction between meaning and further information is as vague as the essence/accident distinction [Quine] |
| 12307 | Modern science seeks essences, and is getting closer to them [Copi] |
| 12310 | Real essences are scientifically knowable, but so are non-essential properties [Copi] |