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All the ideas for 'What is Logic?st1=Ian Hacking', 'Art' and 'On Fate ('De fato')'

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32 ideas

2. Reason / D. Definition / 3. Types of Definition
13838 A decent modern definition should always imply a semantics [Hacking]
4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 2. Tools of Propositional Logic / d. Basic theorems of PL
13833 'Thinning' ('dilution') is the key difference between deduction (which allows it) and induction [Hacking]
13834 Gentzen's Cut Rule (or transitivity of deduction) is 'If A |- B and B |- C, then A |- C' [Hacking]
13835 Only Cut reduces complexity, so logic is constructive without it, and it can be dispensed with [Hacking]
5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 4. Pure Logic
13845 The various logics are abstractions made from terms like 'if...then' in English [Hacking]
5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 5. First-Order Logic
13840 First-order logic is the strongest complete compact theory with Löwenheim-Skolem [Hacking]
13844 A limitation of first-order logic is that it cannot handle branching quantifiers [Hacking]
5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 7. Second-Order Logic
13842 Second-order completeness seems to need intensional entities and possible worlds [Hacking]
5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 1. Bivalence
21677 How can the not-true fail to be false, or the not-false fail to be true? [Cicero]
5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / a. Logical connectives
13837 With a pure notion of truth and consequence, the meanings of connectives are fixed syntactically [Hacking]
5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 4. Variables in Logic
13839 Perhaps variables could be dispensed with, by arrows joining places in the scope of quantifiers [Hacking]
5. Theory of Logic / J. Model Theory in Logic / 3. Löwenheim-Skolem Theorems
13843 If it is a logic, the Löwenheim-Skolem theorem holds for it [Hacking]
19. Language / F. Communication / 1. Rhetoric
21667 Oratory and philosophy are closely allied; orators borrow from philosophy, and ornament it [Cicero]
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 2. Aesthetic Attitude
23928 Good art produces exaltation and detachment [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 4. Beauty
23922 The word 'beauty' leads to confusion, because it denotes distinct emotions [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 5. Natural Beauty
23921 Our feeling for natural beauty is different from the aesthetic emotion of art [Bell,C]
23929 We only see landscapes as artistic if we ignore their instrumental value [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 6. The Sublime
23923 Visual form can create a sublime mental state [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 1. Defining Art
23932 Art is the expression of an emotion for ultimate reality [Bell,C]
23927 Aestheticism invites artist to create beauty, but with no indication of how to do it [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 2. Art as Form
8115 Only artists can discern significant form; other people must look to art to find it [Bell,C, by Gardner]
23924 Maybe significant form gives us a feeling for ultimate reality [Bell,C]
23931 Significant form is the essence of art, which I believe expresses an emotion about reality [Bell,C]
20434 'Form' is visual relations, and it is 'significant' if it moves us aesthetically; art needs both [Bell,C, by Feagin]
21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 4. Art as Expression
23934 The only expression art could have is the emotion resulting from pure form [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 2. Copies of Art
23925 Mere copies of pictures are not significant - unless the copies are very exact [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 4. Emotion in Art
23926 Art is distinguished by its aesthetic emotion, which produces appropriate form [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 6. Value of Art
23933 Aesthetic contemplation is the best and most intense mental state [Bell,C]
23935 Aesthetic experience is an exaltation which increases the possibilities of life [Bell,C]
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 7. Art and Morality
22691 Only artistic qualities matter in art, because they also have the highest moral value [Bell,C]
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / g. Moral responsibility
21678 If desire is not in our power then neither are choices, so we should not be praised or punished [Cicero]
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 1. Religious Commitment / a. Religious Belief
23930 Religion sees infinite value in some things, and irrelevance in the rest [Bell,C]