Full Idea
The idea of resurrection in Judaism seems to have first developed around 160 BCE, during the time of religious martyrdom, and as a response to it (the martyrs were surely not dying forever?). It is first mentioned in the book of Daniel.
Gist of Idea
Resurrection developed in Judaism as a response to martyrdoms, in about 160 BCE
Source
report of Anon (Dan) (27: Book of Daniel [c.165 BCE], Ch.7) by Peter Watson - Ideas
Book Reference
Watson,Peter: 'Ideas: from fire to Freud' [Phoenix 2006], p.217
A Reaction
Idea 7473 suggests that Zoroaster beat them to it by 800 years.
Related Idea
Idea 7573 The legal positivism of Hobbes said law is just formal or procedural [Hobbes, by Jolley]