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27. Natural Reality / B. Modern Physics / 4. Standard Model / a. Concept of matter

[concept of matter emerging in modern physics]

19 ideas
Attraction or repulsion are not imparted to matter, but actually constitute it [Priestley]
Mendeleev saw three principles in nature: matter, force and spirit (where the latter seems to be essence) [Mendeleev, by Scerri]
At first matter is basic and known by sense-data; later Russell says matter is constructed [Russell, by Linsky,B]
Matter is the limit of appearances as distance from the object diminishes [Russell]
Matter requires a division into time-corpuscles as well as space-corpuscles [Russell]
Matter is a logical construction [Russell]
An atom's stability after collisions needs explaining (which Newton's mechanics can't do) [Heisenberg]
Position is complementary to velocity or momentum, so the whole system is indeterminate [Heisenberg]
It was formerly assumed that electromagnetic waves could not be a reality in themselves [Heisenberg]
Modern theories of matter are grounded in heat, work and energy [Close]
'Physical' means either figuring in physics descriptions, or just located in space-time [Lycan]
'Gunk' is an individual possessing no parts that are atoms [Chihara]
Only four particles are needed for matter: up and down quark, electron, electron-neutrino [Watson]
In physics, matter is an emergent phenomenon, not part of fundamental ontology [Ladyman/Ross]
That the universe must be 'made of' something is just obsolete physics [Ladyman/Ross]
If all elements are multiples of one (of hydrogen), that suggests once again that matter is unified [Scerri]
The stability of nuclei can be estimated through their binding energy [Scerri]
Nature has three aspects: granularity, indeterminacy, and relations [Rovelli]
If particles have decay rates, they can't really be elementary, in the sense of indivisible [Ingthorsson]