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27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / c. Tenses and time

[meaning of verbs of past and future]

10 ideas
Time doesn't end with the Universe, because tensed statements about destruction remain true [Sext.Empiricus]
     Full Idea: It is absurd to say that when the Universe is destroyed time does not exist; for the statement that it was destroyed once and that it is being destroyed are indicative of times.
     From: Sextus Empiricus (Against the Physicists (two books) [c.180], II.188)
     A reaction: Intriguing. He takes it that a proposition can be true even though nothing exists. This is not merely an affirmation of the tensed A-series view of time, but he even offers tenses as evidence that the A-series is correct. That time could cease was a view.
Tense is essential for thought and action [Perry, by Le Poidevin]
     Full Idea: Tense plays a crucial role in thought and action.
     From: report of John Perry (The Problem of the Essential Indexical [1979]) by Robin Le Poidevin - Past, Present and Future of Debate about Tense 3 a
     A reaction: This is important, because much of our metaphysics is dominated by a detached 'scientific' description of reality, which is given a rather passive character. If processes take centre stage, which they should, then our own processes are part of it.
Actual tensed sentences cannot be tenseless, because they can cite their own context [Perry, by Le Poidevin]
     Full Idea: In the new tenseless theory, no tensed token sentence can be equivalent to a tenseless token, because the former, unlike the latter, draws attention to the context in which it is tokened.
     From: report of John Perry (The Problem of the Essential Indexical [1979]) by Robin Le Poidevin - Past, Present and Future of Debate about Tense 3 a
     A reaction: So the problem about indexicals was worrying fans of the tenseless B-series view of time (and so it should). I'm inclined to translate sentences containing indexicals into their actual propositions, which tend to avoid them. 'Time/person of utterance'.
At the very least, minds themselves seem to be tensed [Le Poidevin]
     Full Idea: A worry haunts the denial of tense: if tense is just mind-dependent, then minds at least themselves must be tensed.
     From: Robin Le Poidevin (Intro to 'Questions of Time and Tense' [1998], 2)
Fiction seems to lack a tensed perspective, and offers an example of tenseless language [Le Poidevin]
     Full Idea: If we cannot coherently adopt a tensed perspective on events within fiction, then fictional discourse seems to provide an example of a tenseless language of before and after which is quite independent of the language of tense.
     From: Robin Le Poidevin (Intro to 'Questions of Time and Tense' [1998], 7)
A-theorists tend to reject the tensed/tenseless distinction [Fine,K]
     Full Idea: Most A-theorists have been inclined to reject the tensed/tenseless distinction.
     From: Kit Fine (Necessity and Non-Existence [2005], 01)
     A reaction: Presumably this is because they reject the notion of 'tenseless' truths. But sentences like 'two and two make four' seem not to be very tensy.
It is said that in the A-theory, all existents and objects must be tensed, as well as the sentences [Fine,K]
     Full Idea: It is said that there is no room in the A-theorists' ontology for a realm of timeless existents. Just as there is a tendency to think that every sentence is tensed, so there is a tendency to think that every object must enjoy a tensed form of existence.
     From: Kit Fine (Necessity and Non-Existence [2005], 10)
     A reaction: Fine is arguing for certain things to exist or be true independently of time (such as arithmetic, or essential identities). I struggle with the notion of timeless existence.
It is the view of the future that really decides between tensed and tenseless views of time [Le Poidevin]
     Full Idea: It is crucially one's view of the status of the future that makes one a tensed or a tenseless theorist.
     From: Robin Le Poidevin (Past, Present and Future of Debate about Tense [1998], 5)
     A reaction: If you believe in the reality of the future, you are an eternalist and like the B-series. If you deny the existence of the future, you must opt for Presentism or the Growing Block (depending on the status of the past).
Talk using tenses can be eliminated, by reducing it to indexical connections for an utterance [Sider]
     Full Idea: The temporal reductionist claims that tensed locutions are indexical - 'present' being the time of utterance etc. This generalises to say that nothing corresponding to tense need be admitted as a fundamental feature of the world.
     From: Theodore Sider (Four Dimensionalism [2001], 2.1)
     A reaction: [He particular cites Mellor for this view] Highly implausible. I very much doubt whether it is possible to explain the indexicality of a word like 'now' without referring to tenses. Does time only exist when sentences and thoughts occur?
The past, present and future walked into a bar.... [Sommers,W]
     Full Idea: The past, present and future walked into a bar. It was tense.
     From: Will Sommers (talk [2019])